Dr. Lienhardt is Research Director at the French Institute for Research on Sustainable Development (IRD), in Montpellier, France, where he is in charge of a research portfolio on tuberculosis (TB) and antimicrobial resistance. He is an Infectious and Tropical Diseases specialist and Clinical Epidemiologist, graduated from the Universities of Strasbourg (France), and London (UK). After several years of medical relief and health development work with various NGOs in the Middle-East and in Africa (1981-1989), he started his research work on leprosy at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (UK) and then in Bamako (Mali) (1990-1994). He then carried out clinical and epidemiological research studies on tuberculosis in The Gambia with the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and in Senegal with IRD (1994-2004). His research work included observational cohort and case-contact studies, international multicenter randomized controlled trials, and operational/implementation research studies. He headed the Clinical Trial Division at the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (The Union) in Paris from 2004 to 2008. From 2009 to 2018, he worked at the World Health Organization Global TB Programme in Geneva (Switzerland) as Team Leader, Research for TB Elimination.